History of Jersey

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For such a small island, Jersey has a fascinating and diverse history. The development of the island's population and infrastructure, from barely populated, barren island in pre-historical times to major international finance centre in the 21st century is outlined below.
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*[[How Jersey got its name]]
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==Pre-history==
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Jersey has been an island for approximately 8,000 years and at its extremes it measures 10 miles east to west and six miles north to south. The earliest evidence of human activity in the island dates to about 250,000 years ago when bands of hunters used the caves at [http://www.prehistoricjersey.net/La_Cotte_de_St_Brelade.shtml La Cotte de St Brelade] as a base for hunting mammoth. There was sporadic activity in the area by nomadic bands of hunters until the introduction of settled communities in the Neolithic period, which is marked by the building of the ritual burial sites known as dolmens. The number, size and visible locations of these megalithic monuments (especially [http://www.prehistoricjersey.net/La_Hougue_Bie.shtml La Hougue Bie]) have suggested that social organisation over a wide area, including surrounding coasts, was required for the construction. Archaeological evidence shows that there were trading links with Brittany and the south coast of England during this time. It would appear that the island was significant enough to inspire large-scale construction projects.
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'''[[Prehistorical sites|Links to prehistorical site information]]'''
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==St Helier and Viking Raiders==
 
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In the 9th century Viking raiders were active along the whole of the northern French coast, particularly [[Normandy]] and [[Brittany]] and in Channel Island waters, raiding the islands on many occasions. [[Viking raiders|More details→]]
 
  
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==Norman times==
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Viking raiders were allowed by the French king in the 10th Century to settle the area now known as [[Normandy]], to prevent other raiders heading inland to Paris. William Longsword, the son of their leader [[Rollo]], seized the [[Cotentin peninsular]] and the Channel Islands, previously politically linked to Brittany, came under his influence. When [[William the Conqueror]] defeated Harold at Hastings to become king of England in 1066 he continued to rule his French possessions as a separate entity. [[Norman times|More details→]]
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==1204 and onwards==
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In [[1204]], when England's [[King John]] lost most of his territory in France, including Normandy, many of Jersey's principal landowners, including [[Seigneur]]s of important [[fief]]s who also held land in Normandy, were forced to choose between remaining loyal to the English Crown and losing their French lands, or sacrificing their Jersey properties. The majority sided with [[King John]] and the islands remained in his personal possession  and were described as being a Peculiar of the Crown. The so-called Constitutions of King John are the foundation of modern self-government and laid the foundations for the relationship which now exists between Jersey and the other islands and the United Kingdom. [[1204|More details→]]
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==The Civil War==
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The English Civil War, followed by the suspension of the monarchy and a period of Parliamentary rule, was one of the most turbulent times in Jersey's history. The following are links to articles which explain the impact of the English problems on the government of Jersey and its people
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*[[The central characters]]
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*[[Jersey in the years leading to the Civil War]]
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*[[Commonwealth Invasion|How Jersey was captured by the Parliamentarians]]
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*[[Sir George de Carteret|Biography of Bailiff and staunch Royalist Sir George de Carteret]]
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*[[Michel Lempriere]] Republican Bailiff
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*[[Jean Chevalier|Diarist Jean Chevalier]]
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*[http://www.pepysdiary.com/indepth/archive/2007/07/22/carteret_and_the_ki.php#more Carteret and the King by Jeannine Kerwin]
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{{{boîte2|A timeline of the past}}}
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==Witchcraft==
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Belief in [[witchcraft]] was strong in Jersey in the 16th and 17th century and there were many trials and executions.
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==Invasions==
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*[[Early French attacks]]
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*[[Commonwealth Invasion]]
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*[[The Battle of Jersey]]
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*[[German Occupation]]
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==Government==
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*[[Development of Jersey's Government]]
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==Infrastructure==
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*[[Defences]]
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*[[Ports]]
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*[[Airport]]
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==Royal visits==
 
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*[[Henry VII]]
 
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*[[Queen Victoria]]
 
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*[[King George V]]
 
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*[[King George VI]]
 
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*[[Queen Elizabeth II]]
 
  
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==Museums and historical collections==
 
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*[http://www.jerseyheritage.org/places-to-visit/jersey-museum-and-art-gallery Jersey Museum]
 
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*[[Elizabeth Castle]]
 
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*[[Mont Orgueil]] Castle
 
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*[http://www.jerseywartunnels.com/Home.aspx Underground Hospital]
 
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*[http://www.jerseyheritage.org/places-to-visit/maritime-museum Maritime Museum]
 
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*[http://www.jerseyheritage.org/places-to-visit/occupation-tapestry-gallery Occupation Tapestry]
 
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*[http://www.jerseyheritage.org/places-to-visit/hamptonne-country-life-museum Hamptonne Country Life Museum]
 
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*[http://www.prehistoricjersey.net/La_Hougue_Bie.shtml La Hougue Bie]
 
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*[http://www.jerseyheritage.org/places-to-visit/jersey-archive Jersey Archive]
 
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*[http://www.bbc.co.uk/legacies/heritage/channel_islands/jersey/article_1.shtml Moulin de Quetivel]
 
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*[http://www.nationaltrustjersey.org.je/showcase/grevedelecqbarracks.asp Greve de Lecq Barracks]
 
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*[http://www.baysider.com/business/view/16085/more Channel Island Military Museum]
 
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*[http://www.pallotmuseum.co.uk/ Pallot Steam Museum]
 
  
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==Historians==
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*[[Frank Le Maistre]], linguist and historian
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*[[George Balleine]], historian
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*[[J Bertram Payne]], genealogist and historian
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*[[J A Messervy]], genealogist and historian
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==References==
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Latest revision as of 06:54, 15 January 2023


JerseyLeopards.png
Elizabethcastle.jpg
History


Jersey is a small island with a fascinating history, which has included an influence throughout the world totally out of proportion to its size. Follow the links on this page to the largest history of Jersey available on the Web, and undoubtedly the most comprehensive ever published. This history is growing all the time and Jerripedia users are encouraged to add their own tales of the island's past. Just click on User contributions in the box in the left column and follow the instructions to becoming a Jerripedia contributor


A timeline of the past

Torque.jpg

Our Jersey Chronology is a brief history of the island from the arrival of Neanderthal Man in 100,000BC (or thereabouts) to the present day. From the martyrdom of St Helier to the split with Normandy; from the construction of Mont Orgueil Castle to its capture by French invaders; from the establishment of the States to the arrival of Huguenot refugees; from the colonisation of Sark to currency devaluation and riots; from the Battle of Jersey to the opening of Jersey Airport, German occupation and a law permitting divorce - read a potted history of a fascinating island.

A summary of Jersey history in four articles:


Newspaper articles


Al15JerseyTimes.jpg
Follow the history of Jersey and its families through our carefully selected articles from newspapers of the past. This section of the site was introduced in 2019, starting with articles from the Jersey Times newspaper from 1848.

Assembled into our own special news page format, these articles show a fascinating picture of life in the island in years gone by. We have added explanatory notes wherever possible and there are links to other associated articles elsewhere in the website. You can access our index of these news selections here:

You will also find a selection of articles about Jersey taken from UK magazines of the 20th century

The Jersey Times selections were supplemented in 2020 by articles from the 19th century Jersey Independent and Evening Posts from 100 years ago. The articles were suspended during the Covid lockdown period and resumed in September 2020 with weekly articles alternating between 1848 and 1920. A further break in 2021 ended with the resumption of fortnightly digests of the news in 1921. The whole project has been suspended since 2022 but we hope to resume it when time and resources permit.



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